(Fichier SVG, nominalement de 1 025 × 684 pixels, taille : 407 octet)Pour plus d’informations sur les images vectorielles, consultez la page de Source: Travail personnel: Auteur: AteshCommons: Autres versions: Azərbaycan versiyası . For example, the Iraqi Military Intelligence issued directive 1559 on 6 May 1980 ordering the deportation of Iraqi Turkmen officials from Kirkuk, issuing the following instructions: "identify the places where Turkmen officials are working in governmental offices [in order] to deport them to other governorates in order to disperse them and prevent them from concentrating in this governorate [Kirkuk]".As primary victims of these Arabization policies, the Iraqi Turkmen suffered from land expropriation and job discrimination, and therefore would register themselves as "Arabs" in order to avoid discrimination.According to Anderson and Stansfield, in the 1990s, tension between the Kurds and Iraqi Turkmen inflamed as the KDP and the Iraqi Turkmen have also emerged as a key political force in the controversy over the future status of northern Iraq and the Tensions between the two groups over Kirkuk, however, have slowly died out and on January 30, 2006, the President of Iraq, Ethnic kin of the Turks and the third largest ethnic group in Iraq harvnb error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFTaylor2004 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFAndersonStansfield2009 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFStansfield2007 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFFattahCaso2009 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFAndersonStansfield2009 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFFattahCaso2009 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFFattahCaso2009 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFFattahCaso2009 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFStansfield2007 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFJohanson2001 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFShanks2016 (Bulut (1999:9) quoting Hussin Shahbz Hassan. Conditions d’utilisation. There are also a significant number of adherents to native Kurdish/Iranian religions like Yarsanism. This applies worldwide. Flag: Iraq. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. Cliquer sur une date et heure pour voir le fichier tel qu'il était à ce moment-là. Saved by Ben Stradley. harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFStansfield2007 ( harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFWien2014 ( Ce fichier contient des informations supplémentaires, probablement ajoutées par l'appareil photo numérique ou le numériseur utilisé pour le créer. The flag for Iraq, which may show as the letters IQ on some platforms. Today, the Iraqi Turkmen form the third largest ethnic group in Prior to the mid-20th century the Turkmen in Iraq were known simply as "Turks".The terms "Turkmen", "Turkman", and "Turkoman" have been used in the The Iraqi Turkmens are the descendants of various waves of Turkic migration to The presence of Turkic peoples in what is today Iraq first began in the 7th century when approximately 2,000The second wave of Turkmen to descend on Iraq were the Turks of the The third, and largest, wave of Turkmen migration to Iraq arose during the four centuries of Since the demise of the Ottoman Empire, the Iraqi Turkmens have found themselves increasingly discriminated against from the policies of successive regimes, such as the Kirkuk Massacre of 1923, 1947, 1959 and in 1979 when the The Turkish language was recognized as a minority language in Indeed, Iraqi Turkmens themselves (according to the 1957 census), as well as a range of linguistic sources, tend to view their language as a Due to the existence of different Turkish migration waves to Iraq for over 1,200 years, the Iraqi Turkmen varieties are by no means homogeneous;The Iraqi Turkmen generally also have an active command in standard Turkish due to their cultural orientation towards the Professor Christiane Bulut has argued that publications from Furthermore, the terms "Turkmen/Turkman" are also considered to be historically political because in the early 20th century the minority were simply recognized as Turks who spoke the Turkish language, until after the military coup of July 14, 1958, when the ruling military junta introduced the names "Turkman/Turkmen" to distance the Turks of Iraq from those in Anatolia,However, in 1959 the military junta introduced the names "Turkman" and "Turkmanja".In 1997 the Iraqi Turkman Congress adopted a Declaration of Principles, Article Three states that "the official written language of the Turkman is In 2005 Iraqi Turkmen community leaders decided that the Parental literacy rates in Turkish are low, as most are more familiar with the Arabic script (due to the The Iraqi Turkmen are the third largest ethnic group in Iraq.According to Mesut Yeğen, documents from the British Foreign Office claim that the Turkmens made a majority in the city of Erbil in 1919Subsequent censuses, in 1967, 1977, 1987 and 1997, are all considered highly unreliable, due to suspicions of regime manipulation.The Iraqi Turkmen primarily inhabit northern Iraq, particularly in a region they refer to as "The Iraqi Turkmen generally consider several major cities, and small districts associated with these cities, as part of Turkmeneli.According to the 1957 census the Iraqi Turkmen formed the majority of inhabitants in the city of Some Iraqi Turkmen also live outside the Turkmeneli region.
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