Textile finishing is the but the treatment have to be done after every wash. For getting a much durable finish chemical treatment have to be done which fuses with the fibres thus altering the fabric properties thus stiffening it. Textile Fabric Types by Fiber Sources Physical and mechanical finishing processes are Brushing, Shearing, Pressing, Raising, Beetling, Calendaring, Folding, Various cutting operations etc. In addition to requiring extra energy for removal of water in excess of the CAV, higher wet pickup also increases the chances of migration of chemical during the drying stage.A word of caution needs to be mentioned here.
One manner in which this problem is tackled is through recycling. Consider a tensioned membrane system such as the Beijing Water Cube. This property allows the fabric to shed the soil gathered during normal washing and further stop redeposition onto the fabric. There are various types of calender machinery, each producing different types of finished fabrics. Reuse of polyester fibers in this manner reduces energy usage and emissions (In the field of architecture, new textile applications are being developed to address the environmental concerns of energy costs, off-gassing of materials and employee wellness. Finishes may change the appearance of the fabric, its texture , its serviceability and its durability.The cloth, which is produced by weaving process directly without any finishing, isThe conversion of unfinished fabric into finished fabric is known as convertedThe coloured yarns are woven in the mill and then sent directly to theThe basic finishes are further classified into two classes,If the cloth is to be finished as white or to be given surface ornamentation, all naturalMercerizing is an important preparatory process for cotton fabric. The fabrics come out from the loom shed are in greige form. The most effective mildew proofing agent is 0.05 per cent solution of phenyl mercuric acetate in water.The fibres in the fabrics become covered with a film of synthetic resin. It often depends on the fabric construction but some of the common processes of getting this finish are the application of metal oxides ad salts to the textiles, finishing with starch, carboxy methyl cellulose, fluoro chemicals etc. A newly constructed fabric as it comes from the mill is known as greige goods or gray goods. Sometimes fibers react with the chemical compounds … Although the dyes themselves could not be reused, the calorific content of their residues could add to the energy input for heating. Hence one would need to apply finishing chemicals at pickup levels which should not be lower than the CAV, which varies in the range of 35–45% for cotton and viscose fabrics.The techniques for reducing the wet pickup can be divided into two main categories: either by first saturating the fabric with liquor and then squeezing out excess liquor by means such as compression, suction, etc., known as expression techniques, or by applying a limited amount of liquor to the fabric, close to the CAV, which is known as the topical technique. The only waste streams generated by the plant are minor amounts of ash water for cleaning the filters and the ashes from the incinerator.Typically the low add-on values obtained by padding range from ~ 55% to 80% for a hydrophobic fabric like PET to a highly hydrophilic fibre like viscose. GreenBlue, founded in 2002 by William McDonough and Michael Braungart, is developing a Sustainable Textile Standard (STS). These fabrics, created for upholstery use, are produced from 100% post-consumer recycled polyester. The fabric, used in a range of fashion applications, emits sounds when a tape head is drawn across the surface. Fluoro chemicals can also impart oil repellency. Water repellent finish is done similar to that of waterproofing but instead of coating the entire fabric, the crevices between the warp and the weft are left vacant allowing for the air and water vapor to pass through the fabric. The fabric is put through a hot roller on which there are raised figurations.
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